अमूर्त

Systemic side effect in lipodissolve using phosphatidylcholine and deoxycholate containing formula: A systematic review

JeanneAdiwinata Pawitan

Background: The use of phosphatidylcholine (PC) and deoxychholate (DC) as injection to remove unwanted fat pads is banned in some countries, and has not been approved by United States Food and DrugAdministration. This condition triggered attempts of lipodissolve practitioners to fight for the approval of PC/DCuse for lipodissolve purposes. They claimed that PC/DC injections do not cause serious systemic side effect. Aim: To systematically reviewthe original studies on the use of PC/DC for lipolysis of unwanted fat deposits to get a better understanding on the systemic side effects.Methods:All text search using keywords: ‘phosphatidylcholine ’ or ‘deoxycholate’ in combination with ‘lipolysis’ and ‘clinical trial’ or ‘case report’ or ‘pilot study’. Data extracted were: number of study participants, injection site, lipolytic agent, depth of injection, total volume, and systemic side effects. Total amount of PC/DC and systemic side effects were compared. Further, search for the explanations for possible causes of the various systemic side effects were done. Results: 9 of 25 articles reported systemic side effects including acute liver dysfunction and acute renal failure. Conclusion: High total DC concentration is supposed to be the major cause of severe inflammation that may lead to serious systemic side effects.